This problem allows a remote client or a remote server to perform Denial of Service when sending oversized headers in HTTP messages. Due to a Collapse of Data into Unsafe Value bug ,Squid may be vulnerable to a Denial of Service attack against HTTP header parsing. Squid is an open source caching proxy for the Web supporting HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, and more. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability. Moreover, OpenID Connect also allows dynamic client registration. However, some well-known OIDC providers (like Microsoft Azure) make it very easy to accidentally allow unverified e-mail changes. The severity is medium, as it also requires the external authentication provider to misbehave.

All users logging in through external authentication providers are affected. However, using the e-mail address alone means that if the authentication provider allows changing the e-mail address of an account, the Mastodon account can immediately be hijacked. When a user logs in through an external authentication provider for the first time, Mastodon checks the e-mail address passed by the provider to find an existing account. This results in a possible account takeover if the authentication provider allows changing the e-mail address or multiple authentication providers are configured. Mastodon allows new identities from configured authentication providers (CAS, SAML, OIDC) to attach to existing local users with the same e-mail address. Mastodon is a free, open-source social network server based on ActivityPub.

(The fix uses gnutls_memcmp, which has constant-time execution.) In Rhonabwy through 1.1.13, HMAC signature verification uses a strcmp function that is vulnerable to side-channel attacks, because it stops the comparison when the first difference is spotted in the two signatures.

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